List of Maronite Patriarchs - Maronite Foundation On 16 December 2022, at the Syriac Orthodox Patriarchal Residence in Atchaneh, Lebanon, the Syriac Orthodox Patriarch, Ignatius Aphrem II issued a joint statement with the Maronite Patriarch, Bechara Boutros al-Rahi, the Syriac Catholic Patriarch, Ignatius Joseph III Yonan, the Chaldean Patriarch, Louis Raphal I Sako and the Assyrian Patriarch of the Church of the East, Awa III proclaiming: We affirm that we are one Syriac people, rooted in the beloved East and we form its essential constituents, despite our number and the variety of our apostolic traditions. [35] The Maronite Church began to grow then in the valleys of Lebanon. Maronite church | Meaning, History, Liturgy, & Facts | Britannica The pope hosted the day of prayer for Lebanon with Catholic and Orthodox leaders from the country on July 1. The Maronites raided the newly Arab towns after the conquest of 637 AD and were later joined by the Mardaites in repelling the Arab army. 6, p.87. According to some estimates about 11,000 Lebanese Christians (including Maronites) were killed; over 4,000 died from hunger and disease as a result of the war. Etymology Maronites derive their name from Maron, a 4th-century Syriac Christian saint venerated by multiple Christian traditions. The visit was criticized at home. "We commend and cherish all the official and popular Lebanese stances that reject all Zionist projects and plots targeting the Lebanese and Palestinian arenas, and we reiterate that the Palestinian refugees in Lebanon are guests in this country, who demand their natural right to live in freedom and dignity, in accordance with international conventions, and they reject all projects of deportation and resettlement, and they always look forward to returning to their cities and villages, from which they were displaced by the Zionist occupation," said Hamas. Palestinian refugees in Lebanon find it extremely difficult to obtain annual work permits that they are required to obtain and often work for lower pay than their Lebanese colleagues. Courtney Mares is a Rome Correspondent for Catholic News Agency. [31], The Maronites managed then to become "civilly semiautonomous" where they settled[26][36][37] and kept speaking Western Aramaic in daily life and Syriac language for their liturgy. Dimane (in Bsharri District) is the summer residence of the Patriarch. [1] Lebanon: Its Stand in History Among the Near East Countries, "Coalition of American Assyrians and Maronites Rebukes Arab American Institute", "Our Lady of Lebanon Maronite Catholic Church", "Notes on the Question of Lebanese Nationalism", "Lebanon: The family business 31 May 09 Part 4", "The Joint Statement Issued from the First Meeting of the Patriarchs of the Syriac Churches", "The vote of confidence debate final session | Ya Libnan | World News Live from Lebanon", "Maronite Christians Seek To Revive Aramaic Language", https://www.m-central.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/Fact-Sheet-Maronite-Aramaic-Xians-2015.pdf, "Lebanon's dispossessed come home: Robert Fisk in Damour on the scars", "Lebanon's Legacy of Political Violence: A Mapping of Serious Violations of International Human Rights and Humanitarian Law in Lebanon, 1975-2008", "Cyprus Maronites battle to preserve rare ancestral language", Patriarchal Exarchate of Jerusalem and Palestine, Our Lady of Mt. [52], After the 1860 massacres, many Maronites fled to Egypt. [31], The Maronites welcomed the conquering Christians of the First Crusade in 1096 AD. He made these remarks in an interview that aired on Al-Hurra TV . They are still around half a million. Lebanon's Maronite Patriarch Bechara Al-Rai has called for returning Syrian refugees to their country, saying they 'cannot stay at the expense of Lebanon'. Heritage", For ever! The Maronite Patriarchate extends its jurisdiction over all the Maronite faithful wherever they dwell. The spread of Christianity in Lebanon was very slow where paganism persisted, especially in the mountaintop strongholds of Mount Lebanon. Speaking at a Vatican day of prayer for Lebanon this year, Pope Francis said: In these woeful times, we want to affirm with all our strength that Lebanon is, and must remain, a project of peace. Hardy martial mountaineers, the Maronites valiantly preserved their liberty and folkways. Omissions? Since the mountains offered no attraction to them, the Maronites continued to find refuge from colonial empires in the Mountains of Lebanon, especially Qadisha Valley.[32]. "[24], Parliament speaker Nabih Berri said that al-Rahi's "comments in Paris protect Lebanon from danger and I agree with what he stated and affirm his vision that is rooted in both a religious and national background" and that "If the situation further deteriorated in Syria and we reached a more radical rule than the current rule, like the rule of the Muslim Brotherhood, Christians there would pay the price, either in the form of killings or displacement. Cardinal Bechara Ra Maronite Patriarch of Antioch and All the East said that he supports the implementation of the Arab Peace Initiative that was formulated in the 2002 Arab League Beirut Summit, and was the basis for the recent peace agreements between Arab countries and Israel. Lebanese Maronite patriarch calls for 'final solution' for Palestinian [43], During the papacy of Pope Gregory XIII (1572-1585), steps were taken to bring the Maronites still closer to Rome. In the April 1936 Beirut municipal elections, Christian and Muslim politicians were divided along Phoenician and Arab lines in the matter of whether the Lebanese coast should be claimed by Syria or given to Lebanon, increasing the already mounting tensions between the two communities. [8] The community historically spoke Cypriot Maronite Arabic,[58][59] but today Cypriot Maronites speak the Greek language, with the Cypriot government designating Cypriot Maronite Arabic as a dialect. Our witness to our Christian faith in general, and to our Syriac identity in particular, is a constant source of concern for us. "[19] Patriarch al-Rahi does not use the term "Arab Spring", but "Arab Winter" to express his unenthusiastic reaction. [95][96] Among the historic attacks on the community was the Damour massacre by the PLO. The Patriarchate of Antioch is a patriarchal see of the Maronite Catholic Church in Lebanon. The early Maronites were Hellenized Semites, natives of Byzantine Syria who spoke Greek and Syriac, yet identified with the Greek-speaking populace of Constantinople and Antioch. Pius Bonifacius Gams, Series episcoporum Ecclesiae Catholicae, Leipzig 1931, pp. Maronite Patriarch Cardinal al Rahi: We know the killer, and this is The leader of Lebanons Maronite Catholics has welcomed the formation of a new Lebanese government after 13 months of political stalemate. In the 11th and 12th centuries, Soest was a metropolis of its time, with well over 10,000 residents! Maronites - Wikipedia [14][b], He was named a member of the Congregation for Catholic Education by Pope Francis on 30 November 2013.[15]. Every day we lose thousands of our best engineers, our best doctors, our best teachers, because the loss of value of the Lebanese pound to the dollar destroyed the value of salaries. When you subscribe to the CNA UPDATE, we'll send you a daily email with links to the news you need and, occasionally, breaking news. Under the rule of the Ottoman Turks, the Maronites maintained their religion and customs under the protection of France, largely because of their geographic isolation. Aside from this they were isolated from most of the world for much of the end of the millennium. The Jerusalem Post Customer Service Center can be contacted with any questions or requests: "It cannot be accepted that many parties, especially at the international level, consider refugees and displaced persons as a reality that must be adapted to the point of integration, settlement and naturalization. 235236; vol. [87], In 2014, Israel recognize the Aramean community within its borders as a national minority, allowing some of the Christians in Israel to be registered as "Aramean",[88] instead of "Arab" or "Unclassified". Coordinates: 33.9678N 35.6339E Part of a series on Particular churches sui iuris of the Catholic Church Latin cross and Byzantine Patriarchal cross Particular churches are grouped by liturgical rite Alexandrian Rite Coptic Ethiopian Eritrean Armenian Rite Armenian Byzantine Rite Albanian Belarusian Bulgarian Croatian and Serbian Greek Hungarian "How can these countries claim their concern for Lebanon's independence and stability, and work to undermine its unity?" The Maronites and the Druze founded modern Lebanon in Ottoman Lebanon in the early 18th century, through the ruling and social system known as the "Maronite-Druze dualism" in the Ottoman Mount Lebanon Mutasarrifate. Understandably angry at the thought of higher taxes, the Soest citizens refused to pay. Though concentrated in Lebanon, Maronites also show presence in the neighboring Levant, as well as a significant part in the Lebanese diaspora in the Americas, Europe, Australia, and Africa. The National. I do not know what will become of those wretched people who claim that Lebanon is Arabic when Arabism disappears from the map of the Middle East and a new Middle East would emerge, which is clean from Arabs and Arabism.[80]. 'Lebanon is sick, and officials do not want to treat its illness,' says The speech met with applause afterward from the audience;[81], What we are missing today is an important element of our life and our honor, which is our identity. Language links are at the top of the page across from the title. In 1948 we welcomed the Palestinian refugees. Home - MARONITE HERITAGE. The Lebanese people must be given the opportunity to be the architects of a better future in their land, without undue interference.. Konrad Eubel, Hierarchia Catholica Medii Aevi, vol. On 7 March 2012, Patriarch al-Rahi was appointed a member of the Congregation for the Oriental Churches.[9]. The appointing of a Patriarch made the Byzantine Emperor furious, which led to the persecution of the Maronites by the Byzantines. "[84], Maronite Deacon Soubhi Makhoul, administrator for the Maronite Exarchate in Jerusalem, has said "The Maronites are Arabs, we are part of the Arab world. Maronite Patriarch Beshara al-Rai said on Sunday that parliament's failed attempt to elect a president on Wednesday was a "cold-blooded violation of the constitution." He called the session a "farce" and urged every official to "admit their mistakes and correct them" after nearly eight months of presidential vacuum in Lebanon. [67][68] Before the conquest by Arabian Muslims reached Lebanon, the Lebanese people, including those who would become Muslim and the majority who would remain Christian, spoke a dialect of Aramaic called Syriac. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. The other three cardinal-electors from outside the Latin Church were Coptic Catholic Patriarch-Emeritus Antonios Naguib, Syro Malabar Major Archbishop George Alencherry, and Syro-Malankara Major Archbishop Baselios Cleemis. After Maronite patriarch pressured, U.S. advocates express support A definitive consolidation of the union, however, did not come until the 16th century, brought about largely through the work of the Jesuit John Eliano. In 694 AD, Emperor Justinian II sent an army to attack the Maronites, destroying their monastery in the Orontes valley and killing 500 monks. The Lebanese used to live with dignity, they were not dependent on anybody. "[32], Given the sectarian nature of Lebanese politics, the head of the Maronite Church is generally cautious about making statements of a political nature, but has been known to criticise the domestic political scene, as he did in this interview with Aid to the Church in Need. Saint Maron sent Abraham of Cyrrhus, often referred to as the Apostle of Lebanon, to convert the still significant pagan population of Lebanon to Christianity. The monastery on the Orontes was destroyed and 500 monks executed. [73] In post civil-war Lebanon since the Taif agreement, politically Phoenicianism is restricted to a small group. The Maronite perseverance led to their existence even to today. Maronite Catholic Archeparchy of Beirut - Wikipedia He entered the Mariamite Maronite Order on 31 July 1962 and was ordained as a priest on 3 September 1967. Lebanon's Maronite Patriarch Bechara Boutros al-Rahi called on Saturday for the deportation and resettlement of Palestinian refugees with the help of the international community, stressing. Clergy slammed for visit to Hezbollah 'museum' in Lebanon - analysis The immediate spiritual head of the Maronite church after the pope is the patriarch of Antioch and all the East, residing in Bikirk, near Beirut. No more letting half-truths continue to frustrate peoples aspirations, the pope said. (credit: REUTERS), "the entity of Lebanon was not established to be the land of settlement for the peoples of the region. The Antiochene Syriac Maronite Church, under the Patriarch of Antioch, has branches in nearly all countries where Maronite Christian communities live, in both the Levant and the Lebanese diaspora. The Lebanese Maronite Christians are believed to constitute about 30% of the total population of Lebanon according to election results. Amir Haydar Abi-Lama was chosen by the Patriarch to be the governor of the Maronite district. "[21] Mikati said after his meeting with al-Rahi that he was "very relieved and reassured by the Patriarchs wisdom. Whatever the case, the history of the Maronites remains obscure up until the period of the Crusades, and the isolated community had not been in contact with Rome before the Crusaders arrived. At 71, he was elected patriarch of the Maronites on 15 March 2011, after getting more than two-thirds of the votes of the 39 bishops and replacing Nasrallah Sfeir.] [56], According to the Annuario Pontificio, 50,944 people belonged to the Maronite Catholic Eparchy of Our Lady of Lebanon of Paris in 2017. In the 19th century, however, the Ottoman government incited a neighbouring mountain people of Lebanon, the Druzes, against the Maronites, a policy that culminated in the great Maronite massacre of 1860. Christian ethnoreligious group in the Levant, This article is about the Lebanese ethnoreligious group. Lebanons new ministers face the challenge of coming into power at a time when three-quarters of the population live in poverty and there are widespread shortages of medicine, fuel, and food. The Precarious Republic: Political Modernization in Lebanon. The Main Christian Sanctuaries - Maronite Foundation Gradual changes doesnt harm stability and wouldnt get Syria into the [same] troubles as Palestine, Iraq, Libya and Yemen. Here is the picture of Iraq in front of us. While it was at the height of its wealth and power, the Archbishop of Cologne (who ruled over the city) demanded greater taxes. ", Sign up for The Jerusalem Post Premium Plus for just $5, Upgrade your reading experience with an ad-free environment and exclusive content, Copyright 2023 Jpost Inc. All rights reserved. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. 2. [40] During the several centuries of separation from the rest of the Christian world, they often claim to have been in full communion with the Catholic Church throughout. [101] The Maronites experienced mass persecution under the Ottoman Turks, who massacred and mistreated Maronites for their faith, disallowing them from owning horses and forcing them to wear only black clothing. In 685 AD, the Maronites appointed a Patriarch for themselves, St. John Maron, who became the first Patriarch on the Maronite Church. Dimane (in Bsharri District) is the summer residence of the Patriarch. [34] The resistance movement became known as Marada, meaning rebels. 8 May 2022: 4th Week Resurrection. [6] The new patriarch formally requested and received ecclesiastical communion from Pope Benedict XVI on 24 March 2011 pursuant to Canon 76 2 of the Code of Canons of the Eastern Churches. Maronite Catholic leader calls on international community to 'help save ", "Maronite church | Meaning, History, Liturgy, & Facts", Lebanon - International Religious Freedom Report 2008, The Maronite Catholic Church (Patriarchate), "Cardinal is first top Lebanese cleric in Israel", "Recession takes the sparkle out of Antwerp's diamond quarter", "Ministry of Interior to Admit Arameans to National Population Registry", "Israeli Greek Orthodox Church denounces Aramaic Christian nationality", "Israeli Christians Officially Recognized as Arameans, Not Arabs", "Identity of the Maronite Church - Introduction", "Identity of the Maronite Church - A Syriac Antiochene Church with a Special Lit. There is Lebanese unanimity on the resistances arms in the face of Israeli occupation. Maronite Patriarch: I Support Peace Initiative with Israel | MEMRI In. Modern Maronites often adopt French or other Western European given names (with biblical origins) for their children, including Michel, Marc, Marie, Georges, Carole, Charles, Antoine, Joseph, Pierre, Christian, Christelle and Rodrigue. Some Maronite Christians are named in honour of Maronite saints, including the Aramaic names Maro(u)n (after their patron saint Maron), Nimtullah, Charbel or Sharbel after Saint Charbel Makhluf and Rafqa (Rebecca). Maronite church, one of the largest Eastern ritechurches, prominent especially in modern Lebanon. Cardinal al-Rahi's attire during the opening day was distinct from most of the other electors in that he wore all-red vestments with distinct headgear proper to the Maronite Church. [75] This conflict of ideas of identity is believed to be one of the pivotal disputes between the Muslim and Christian populations of Lebanon and what mainly divides the country to the detriment of national unity. Cardinal Bechara Boutros Rai, the Maronite Patriarch, at the Vatican March 5, 2013. On 26 May 2014, the patriarch decided to join Pope Francis on parts of the pontifical three-day Holy Land pilgrimage. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. Standoff over Hezbollah outpost on Lebanon border | Arab News Deutsch: Bergheim ist eine deutsche Stadt in Nordrhein-Westfalen westlich von Kln gelegen. All of these constitute an extension of the church's springtime started by the Second Vatican Council. [10] Al-Rahi was the fourth Maronite Patriarch created cardinal, the first three being his three immediate predecessors Paul Peter Meouchi, Anthony Peter Khoraish, and Nasrallah Sfeir. 8687; vol. Maronite Christians felt a sense of alienation, exclusion, and targeting as a result of Pan-Arabism and Islamism in Lebanon. 457458. On 31 January 2013, al-Rahi was appointed by Pope Benedict XVI to serve as a member of the Congregation for the Oriental Churches, the Supreme Tribunal of the Apostolic Signatura, the Pontifical Council for the Pastoral Care of Migrants and Itinerants, and the Pontifical Council for Social Communications. Maronite Catholic patriarch welcomes Lebanon's new government [62], According to the Annuario Pontificio, 66,495 belonged to the Apostolic Exarchate of West and Central Africa (Nigeria) in 2017.[56]. Maronite Patriarch Advocates for the Salvation of Lebanon North Rhine-Westphalia - Wikipedia [56] In 2015, the BBC placed the number of Maronites in Syria at between 28,000 and 60,000. Antonios Bachaalany, a Maronite from Salima (Baabda district) was the first emigrant to the New World, where he reached the United States in 1854 and died there two years later. Patriarch - Maronites Church [97][98][99] Until recently, the Cypriot Maronites battled to preserve their ancestral language. [8], A Maronite community of about 11,000 people lives in Israel. Phoenicia: The Maronites and Lebanon, A Brief History Contact with Rome has been close and cordial, but it was not until after the Second Vatican Council that the Maronites were freed of papal efforts to Latinize their rite. In February, Lebanon's State Shura Council decide to reverse an order issued in December allowing Palestinian refugees to work in trade-union regulated professions, after complaints by the Maronite League that the order would encroach on the rights of Lebanese professionals and claims that the order was trying to pave the way for naturalizing Palestinian refugees. 5, p.89; vol. This page was last edited on 16 February 2023, at 19:18. c. 460 - 506/510). Can one renounce what guarantees his rights? According to the medieval bishop William of Tyre, the Maronite patriarch sought union with the Latin patriarch of Antioch in 1182. The French passed through it yet it remained Lebanese. "[74] Akl believes in emphasizing the Phoenician legacy of the Lebanese people and has promoted the use of the Lebanese dialect written in a modified Latin alphabet, rather than the Arabic one, although both alphabets have descended from the Phoenician alphabet. After visiting a monastery outside the city on his way to Jaffa, al-Rahi joined the Pope again in the afternoon for Mass at Jerusalem's Cenacle. The stinky winds of Arabism blow through it, but the wind will wither away and Lebanon will remain Lebanese. The Maronites (Arabic: ; Syriac: ) are a Christian ethnoreligious group[13][14][15][16][17] native to the Eastern Mediterranean and Levant region of the Middle East, whose members traditionally belong to the Maronite Church, with the largest concentration long residing near Mount Lebanon in modern Lebanon. They issued the following Statement: . Al-Rahi was made a cardinal by Pope Benedict XVI in a consistory on 24 November 2012. The Maronites derive their name from the Syriac Christian saint Maron, some of whose followers migrated to the area of Mount Lebanon from their previous place of residence around the area of Antioch, and established the nucleus of the Antiochene Syriac Maronite Church. Bisinus, Basinus, Besinus, or Bisin (Lombardic: Pisen) was the king of the Thuringii (fl. .mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}335805N 353801E / 33.9681N 35.6336E / 33.9681; 35.6336, "Patriarch of Lebanon" redirects here. At the time our patriarch sent a letter to all the convents, schools and universities that belonged to the Maronite Church, to open their doors to them, because they were our brothers in need. 24 April 2022: 2nd Week Resurrection. "We are calling for a special international conference for Lebanon under the purview of the UN. Qorush (Cyrrhus), St John Maron's nephew. Retrieved 2018-11-18. The followers of the Maronite Church form a part of the Syriac Christians and belong to the West Syriac Rite. He entered the Mariamite Maronite Order on 31 July 1962 and was ordained as a priest on 3 September 1967. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. I will tell you today, that I as a Lebanese citizen, my identity is Maronite, Syriac Christian, and Lebanese (Arabic: Maroniya, Syryaniya Mashiya, Lubnaniya). A Vatican official confirmed in June that the pope intended to visit Lebanon once it successfully formed a government, adding that the trip could take place at the beginning of next year. The Christians, who may apply for recognition as Aramean, are mostly Galilean Maronites, who trace their culture, ancestry and language to Arameans.[89]. However, agreements have been held with the Druze. He repeated this call in 2022, during a conversation with Thomas Heine-Geldern, head of Aid to the Church in Need. 4, pp. [69][70][71] Syriac remains the liturgical language of the Maronite Church. He is often mistaken with John Maron, the first Maronite Patriarch, who ruled 685-707. Corrections? Political stalement in Lebanon | ACN International [7][8] The Mass for the inauguration of his Patriarchate took place on 25 March 2011, in Bkerk, the see of the Maronite Catholic Patriarchate. Covering an area of 34,084 square kilometres (13,160 sq mi), it is the fourth-largest German state by size. His Holiness the pope will visit Lebanon but after a government is formed. "Lebanon's dark days of hunger: The Great Famine of 191518". Some historians have suggested that the Maronites were once monothelites, followers of a heterodox doctrine that affirmed that there was a divine but no human will in Christ. Paul Tawaghan Patriarchs during the Marada States, 628-1099 John Maron II (628-d.707) John el Damlassi Theophilius Gregory I (Melkite Patriarch) Stephan I (Melkite Patriarch) Mark (Melkite Patriarch) Eusebius (Melkite Patriarch) John I (Melkite Patriarch) Joshua I (Melkite Patriarch) David (Melkite Patriarch) Theofelix (Habib) (Melkite Patriarch) Bechara Boutros al-Rahi - Wikipedia Other common names are Sarkis (Sergius) and Bakhos (Bacchus), while others are common both among Christians and Muslims, such as Youssef (Joseph), Ibrahim (Abraham), and Maryam (Mary). And although its important to revive our language and maintain our heritage, the church is very outspoken against the campaign of these people.[85], Many Maronites consider themselves the descendants of Arameans who lived in the Levant. [75], In opposition to such views, Arabism was affirmed at the March 1936 Congress of the Coast and Four Districts, when the Muslim leadership at the conference made the declaration that Lebanon was an Arab country, indistinguishable from its Arab neighbors. Palestinian refugees in Lebanon suffer from widespread poverty and strict laws restricting their access to employment and social services. [3], He was appointed titular bishop of Caesarea Philippi on 2 May 1986 and consecrated as auxiliary Bishop of Antioch on 12 July 1986, by Patriarch Nasrallah Boutros Sfeir and his co-consecrators were Roland Aboujaoud, Auxiliary Bishop of Antioch, Georges Abi-Saber, titular Bishop of Aradus, Chucrallah Harb, Eparch of Jounieh, Joseph Mohsen Bchara, Archeparch of Cyprus, Khalil Abi-Nader, Archeparch of Beirut, Ignace Ziad, Emeritus Archeparch of Beirut, Antoine Joubeir, Archeparch of Tripoli, Elie Farah, Emeritus Archeparch of Cyprus, Joseph Merhi, Eparch of Cairo and Ibrahim Hlou, Eparch of Sidon. Other common names are strictly Christian and are Aramaic, or Arabic, forms of biblical, Hebrew, or Greek Christian names, such as Antun (Anthony or Antonios), Butros (Peter), Boulos (Paul), Semaan or Shamaoun (Simon or Simeon), Jergyes (George), Elie (Ilyas or Elias), Iskander (Alexander), Hannah, Katrina (Catherine) and Beshara (literally Good News in reference to the Gospel). As a result of this incident, the Maronites achieved formal autonomy within the Ottoman Empire under a nonnative Christian ruler. In April 2011, al-Rahi said that, for the sake of communion and love, he would work "to establish a sincere and complete dialogue" with Muslims "and build together a future in common life and cooperation." The Maronite Patriarch and Bishops had a meeting at Bkerke on Wednesday, 20 September 2000. [26][27], The cultural and linguistic heritage of the Lebanese people is a blend of both indigenous Phoenician elements and the foreign cultures that have come to rule the land and its people over the course of thousands of years. The decision for some clergy to go to the Hezbollah site appears to be in contrast to the official position of the Maronite patriarch, whose seat is in Bkerke in Lebanon. Apart from the city-states, it is also the most densely populated state in Germany. The Lebanese Civil War (1975-1990) challenged the ability of the Maronite patriarchate to continue its national role. We cant manage anymore., Ra at the Chair of Saint Peter, 11 October 2014, Rahi lies on his hands on Maurizio Malvestiti during his episcopal ordination as Cardinals Sandri and Mller observe, 11 October 2014, Supreme Tribunal of the Apostolic Signatura, Pontifical Council for the Pastoral Care of Migrants and Itinerants, Pontifical Council for Social Communications, "Election of the Maronite Patriach (sic) history", "Naharnet Lebanon's leading news destination", "Code of Canons of Oriental Churchs Canon 76 2", "Letter of His Holiness Benedict XVI to His Beatitude Bchara Boutros Ra, Patriarch of Antioch for Maronites Accepting His Request for Ecclesiastical Communion", "Annuncio di Concistoro per la Creazione di Sei Nuovi Cardinali", "No Arab in the running for Pope, but Maronite to get vote for first time", "Rescriptum of the Holy Father Francis ", "New papal appointments reflect pope's wish for transparency", "Pope, making new cardinals, hears Iraqi tell of martyrs", "Maronite patriarch pledges to work with Muslims", "Lebanon's Shiite-Maronite Alliance of Hypocrisy", "Mikati reassured after meeting with Rai", "Suleiman said Rai doesn't need to be defended", "Berri: Rai's views on Syria help protect Lebanon", "Aoun: Assad will not fall, Hariri at fault on maritime debacle", "Violence turning Arab Spring into winter", "Lebanese Maronite Patriarch Visits Israel, First Since 1948", "Saudi King Salman receives Maronite Patriarch Bechara Boutros al-Rahi", "Thousands rally to support Lebanon's Patriarch call for an international conference", "Suleiman Grants al-Rahi Order of Cedar, Urges Officials to Attend Dialogue", "Suite de la visite en France du patriarche maronite", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bechara_Boutros_al-Rahi&oldid=1154132043, Titular Bishop of Caesarea Philippi (19861990), This page was last edited on 10 May 2023, at 13:13.
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